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The Math Behind Neural Networks: A Guided Tour

A fast, visual tour of the math inside a neural network: vectors, matrices, derivatives and gradient descent, ending with a tiny network you train in the browser.

5 lessons · about 3 hours

What you'll be able to do

  • See what vectors, matrices and gradients do inside a neural network
  • Run every idea as NumPy code in the browser
  • Know which course to take next to go deeper

Before you start

Class 12 mathematics and basic Python.

Syllabus

  1. 1

    Vectors and similarity

    Turn things into lists of numbers, measure how far two of them point the same way, and build a tiny search engine with cosine similarity.

    15 min
  2. 2

    Matrices as transformations

    See a matrix as a machine that moves every point of the plane, learn why its columns say where the axes land, and build one layer of a neural network.

    15 min
  3. 4

    Gradient descent

    Find the bottom of a loss by walking downhill. The gradient says which way, the learning rate says how far, and a model learns a line.

    15 min

2 more lessons coming soon